Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD)
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Descriptions
A vaginal delivery is when a person gives birth through their vagina. It’s the most common method of childbirth. During a vaginal birth, your uterus contracts to thin and open your cervix and push your baby out through your vagina (or birth canal).
Healthcare providers prefer vaginal deliveries because they’re usually safest for the fetus and the birthing person. A vaginal delivery occurs most often between weeks 37 and 42 of pregnancy.
Types of vaginal delivery
- Spontaneous vaginal delivery: A vaginal delivery that happens on its own and without labor-inducing drugs.
- Induced vaginal delivery: Drugs or other techniques initiate labor and prepare your cervix. This is also called labor induction.
- Assisted vaginal delivery: A vaginal birth that occurs with the help of forceps or a vacuum device to get your baby out. Both spontaneous and induced vaginal delivery can be assisted.
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Risk factor
The risks of having a vaginal delivery
- Failure to progress: This is when labor slows or stops and your cervix doesn't dilate. Your healthcare provider may give you oxytocin to stimulate contractions and progress labor.
- Irregular fetal heart rate: This is when your baby's heart rate slows down because their head or umbilical cord is compressed.
- Hemorrhage: This is excessive or life-threatening bleeding during or after birth. Sometimes a person doesn't bleed until several hours after delivery (postpartum hemorrhage).
- Vaginal tears: These are tears in the tissue around your vagina and rectum that happen during childbirth.
- Deep vein thrombosis: These are blood clots that develop in your legs or pelvis shortly after delivery.
- Postpartum preeclampsia: This is excessively high blood pressure in a person who has just given birth.
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